ARC Fault Detection Device (AFDD) - what is it, and do you need one?

You’ve probably heard the terms ‘circuit breaker’ or ‘safety switch’ and may have even spotted one on your switchboard during a power outage.

But do you understand their function?

Residual Current Devices (RCDs) ensure electrical safety in commercial and residential settings.

They can identify electrical faults in just milliseconds and immediately disconnect the electricity supply, minimising the risk of damage to the electrical system and protecting users.

However, there’s a new player in electrical protection: the Arc Fault Detection Device (AFDD).

What Is An Arc Fault Detection Device?

The AFDD represents the latest innovation in safety switches. Arc Fault Detection Devices are a specialised type of circuit breaker that automatically shuts off power upon detecting an arc fault in the circuit.

What Is An Arc Fault?

An arc fault occurs when wiring connections are loose, damaged, or corrupted. This leads to intermittent contact that causes electrical currents to spark.

This spark is known as an arc because of its characteristic shape when it forms between metal contact points.

This arc or spark generates heat, which can ignite nearby materials and degrade the insulation around wires, leaving them exposed and increasing the risk of electrical fires.

Arc faults pose a significant danger due to the intense heat they produce in the surrounding air, reaching temperatures of up to 20,000 degrees in some cases. It’s no wonder they are among the leading causes of house fires.

In Victoria alone, of the roughly 3,000 residential fires each year, about 300 are attributed to electrical causes.

Warning Signs of Potential Arc Faults to Watch For

Corrosion of Wiring Casing/Insulation

Corroded or worn insulation on electrical wiring is a concerning indicator. While this can happen naturally if the wiring isn't updated as frequently as necessary, it may also result from repeated small arc faults that gradually melt and damage the insulation.

Light Switch or Power Outlet Buzzing

If you hear buzzing from a light switch or power outlet, it indicates that minor arcing is occurring. While this may not pose an immediate risk of electrical fires, it’s essential to have it inspected by a professional electrician, as it is not typical behavior. Additionally, this buzzing could be damaging your wiring casing, increasing the risk of an electrical fire in the future.

Excessive Dust

A significant accumulation of dust around your wiring or switchboard can signal a potential risk for arc faults, suggesting that they haven’t been checked or maintained in a long time. Moreover, this dust can serve as tinder, creating a fire hazard if the arc flash is substantial enough.

Old and Unmaintained Safety Switches

Like other technology-driven sectors, the electrical industry is continuously evolving. As new methods for enhancing protection against electrical faults are discovered, older technologies become outdated.

For instance, the introduction of RCBOs (Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overcurrent Protection) combined the functions of an RCD (Residual Current Device) and an MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker) into a single unit, making them the preferred choice for many electricians.

While your existing residual current circuit breaker and other protective devices may still function, their technology is likely outdated if installed more than ten years ago. Furthermore, you might not receive the protection you need if your safety switches haven't been inspected for optimal performance in the last five years. In such cases, it’s advisable to schedule a professional electrician to perform testing and ensure they are in good working order.

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No Safety Switches

Not having safety switches is illegal in most Victorian properties and significantly increases the fire risk. According to Victorian regulations, every new property must be equipped with safety switches. Although older homes aren’t yet required to have them installed, it is strongly recommended. Older electrical systems without adequate protection are at a serious risk. Properties lacking these devices face a heightened chance of undetected arc faults, which can escalate into major issues.

Animal/Rodent Damage

This point is straightforward: wires chewed by animals, which result in exposed live wires or loose connections, create a substantial risk of arc fault fires.

What Makes An AFDD Different from Traditional RCD Safety Switches?

Safety switches, also known as Residual Current Devices (RCDs), are designed to cut off electrical current when they detect an abnormality in electricity flow. This technology is state-of-the-art and represents the most advanced safety switch available.

In contrast, the Arc Fault Detection Device (AFDD) doesn’t trip from regular, everyday current fluctuations. Instead, it monitors for significant changes and interrupts the current if any abnormalities are detected. Additionally, AFDDs respond much more quickly than traditional safety switches with electromechanical components, such as thermal fuses.

The AFDD is a complementary technology that can be installed alongside your RCD or RCBO.

What Does This Mean for Your Safety?

AFDD safety switches provide constant protection against severe variations in current. They are highly recommended for both residential and commercial properties, particularly for power outlet circuits due to the potential for arc faults from:

• Arcing from extension leads and power boards, often caused by inexpensive accessories or sudden increases in load on a single circuit.

• Damage to cables, especially if they are plugged in at awkward angles or cramped behind furniture (like sofas or beds).

• Worn extension leads can become damaged when pulled to reach an appliance or bent around corners.

• Degradation from temperature changes, humidity, rodents, or outdoor usage.

These advanced safety switches can detect faults in your electrical equipment in just 0.5 milliseconds, cutting off the electricity flow almost instantly if there is a risk of overload, short-circuiting, or electric shock. This swift action protects your appliances and safeguards you from severe injury or even fatality—an excellent investment for the peace of mind that comes with knowing your family is safe.

Do I Need to Get a Safety Switch Installed at My Residence?

Safety switches have been mandatory in all homes built in Victoria since 1991 and are required with the installation of any new power point or lighting fixture. If you have an older safety switch in your home, upgrading to AFDD technology is highly recommended for complete protection. With some safety switches on the market being as much as 30 years old, upgrading will help prevent severe electrical faults and provide peace of mind for your family's safety.

While only one safety switch is mandatory, having multiple can offer additional protection.

How Do I Get a Safety Switch Installed?

If you have multiple safety switches in your home, you can connect different power circuits to different switches. This allows you to protect circuits that are more likely to trigger the safety switch (like those used for hairdryers or toasters) without cutting power to areas that require a constant source (such as refrigerators or freezers). Additionally, it is advisable to install your Arc Fault Detection Device (AFDD) in conjunction with RCBOs for optimal protection.

Can I Install A Safety Switch (AFDD) Myself?

No, all safety switches must be installed by a licensed electrician; attempting to install one yourself is illegal. Not only is DIY electrical installation against the law, but it also poses significant dangers that can lead to serious injury or even death.

Our electricians are skilled in residential, commercial, and industrial installations, ensuring that your arc fault detection device is connected correctly and safely.

Contact Us Today To Book An Electrical Installation

Are you ready to enhance your electrical protection by installing an Arc Fault Detection Device? Don’t wait any longer!

The friendly team at TNG Electrical is qualified to perform this essential safety upgrade. Our experienced electricians specialize in the installation of advanced safety devices, ensuring we can complete the job in just one visit. You can have peace of mind knowing that your property is now protected.

To schedule an appointment with one of our licensed technicians, simply click the button below and submit your inquiry!